A product marketed as "Otrivin Oxy" contains oxymetazoline instead of xylometazoline. The most common name for over-the-counter products containing xylometazoline internationally is "Otrivin" (used in Australia, Canada, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, India, Israel, Jordan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Sweden, Vietnam, Hong Kong), "Otrivine" (United Kingdom, Ireland, Turkey), or "Otriven" (Germany). Moreover, long-term overdosing can cause degenerative changes in nasal mucous membranes that pose another health problem. The number of receptors decreases, and when the administration of the drug is ceased, chronic congestion can occur this is called rhinitis medicamentosa, commonly referred to as rebound congestion. Due to its sympathomimetic effects, it should not be used by people with high blood pressure, or other heart problems.Įxtended usage of xylometazoline can result in decreased effectiveness or a buildup of tolerance against the drug. It binds to α 1 and α 2 adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa. Xylometazoline is an imidazole derivative which is designed to mimic the molecular shape of adrenaline. The smaller arteries are also constricted and this causes the colour of the nasal epithelium to be visibly paler after dosage. The decongestant effect is due to constriction of large veins in the nose which swell up during the inflammation of any infection or allergy of the nose.
The drug works by stimulating adrenergic receptors on the lamina propria of blood vessels in the nose. Xylometazoline is widely available as a generic medication. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Xylometazoline was patented in 1956 and came into medical use in 1959. Xylometazoline is in the decongestant and alpha-adrenergic agonist families of medication.
Long term use (> 10 days) is not recommended due to a rhinitis medicamentosa when stopped. Side effects include trouble sleeping, irritation of the nose, nausea, nosebleed (3%), period pain (10%) and headache (3%). It is used directly in the nose as a spray or drops. Use is also not recommended in those less than three months of age and some say not less than 6 years of age. Use is not recommended for more than seven days. Xylometazoline, also spelled xylomethazoline, is a medication used to reduce symptoms of nasal congestion, allergic rhinitis, and sinusitis.
0 kommentar(er)
